| Right Atrium (RA) |
Parts: Sinus venarum, Appendage, Crista terminalis, Fossa ovalis | Size: AP < 4.0 cm; Vol ~25 ml/m² | Shape: Vertically oriented; irregular appendage | Position: Right lateral border | Character: Thin wall; Pectinate muscles | Time: Sinus venosus derivative; Fossa ovalis closes post-birth | Connections: Art: RCA (SA nodal) | Ven: SVC, IVC, Coronary Sinus | Lymph: Ant. Mediastinal | Nerve: Rich SA node innervation |
Normal RA Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
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Right Atrium |
|
| Tricuspid Valve (TV) |
Parts: 3 Leaflets (Ant, Post, Septal), Annulus, Chordae | Size: Orifice 7–9 cm² (Largest) | Shape: Triangular | Position: Between RA/RV; Apical to MV | Character: Thin, mobile leaflets | Time: Endocardial cushion delamination | Connections: Art: Avascular | Ven: N/A | Lymph: Tracheobronchial | Nerve: Sparse annular |
Normal TV Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
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Tricuspid Valve |
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| Right Ventricle (RV) |
Parts: Inflow, Apex, Outflow (Infundibulum) | Size: Wall 3–5 mm; EDV ~75 ml/m² | Shape: Triangular (lat), Crescentic (axial) | Position: Most anterior (retrosternal) | Character: Coarse trabeculations; Moderator band | Time: Bulbus cordis derivative | Connections: Art: RCA, LAD (septal) | Ven: Small/Ant cardiac veins | Lymph: Ant. Mediastinal | Nerve: Sympathetic (T1-T5) |
Normal RV Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
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The Right Ventricle |
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| Pulmonary Valve (PV) |
Parts: 3 Cusps (L, R, Ant) | Size: Orifice ~4.0 cm² | Shape: Circular; Trefoil | Position: Superior/Anterior to AV | Character: Thin cusps; No chordae | Time: Truncus arteriosus septation | Connections: Art: Diffusion | Ven: N/A | Lymph: Tracheobronchial | Nerve: Sparse |
Normal PV Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
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The Pulmonary Valve |
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| Left Atrium (LA) |
Parts: Body, Appendage (LAA) | Size: AP < 4.0 cm; Vol ~28 ml/m² | Shape: Cuboidal; Finger-like LAA | Position: Most posterior | Character: Smooth (pectinates in LAA only) | Time: Pulmonary vein incorporation | Connections: Art: LCx, RCA | Ven: Pulmonary Veins (4) | Lymph: Tracheobronchial | Nerve: Vagus/Symp plexus |
Normal LA Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
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The Left Atrium |
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| Mitral Valve (MV) |
Parts: 2 Leaflets (Ant, Post), Annulus, Chordae | Size: Orifice 4–6 cm² | Shape: “Fish-mouth”; Saddle annulus | Position: Between LA/LV | Character: Fibrous; Anterior > Posterior | Time: Endocardial cushion derivative | Connections: Art: Diffusion | Ven: N/A | Lymph: Tracheobronchial | Nerve: Sparse |
Normal MV Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
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Mitral Valve |
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| Left Ventricle (LV) |
Parts: Base, Apex, Walls (Sept, Ant, Lat, Inf) | Size: Wall 6–10 mm; EDV ~70 ml/m² | Shape: Prolate ellipsoid (bullet) | Position: Left, posterior, apical | Character: Fine trabeculations | Time: Primitive ventricle derivative | Connections: Art: LAD, LCx, RCA | Ven: Great/Mid/Post Cardiac Veins | Lymph: Tracheobronchial | Nerve: Dense Sympathetic |
Normal LV Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
|
Left Ventricle |
|
| Aortic Valve (AV) |
Parts: 3 Cusps (R, L, Non-cor), Sinuses | Size: Orifice 2.5–3.5 cm² | Shape: Circular; Trefoil | Position: Central base | Character: Thin cusps; Fibrous annulus | Time: Truncus arteriosus septation | Connections: Art: Diffusion/Vasa vasorum | Ven: N/A | Lymph: Tracheobronchial | Nerve: Mechanoreceptors |
Normal AV Morphology |
Normal Anatomy |
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Aortic Valve |
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| Ascending Aorta |
Parts: Root, ST-Junction, Tube | Size: Diam < 3.5 cm | Shape: Cylindrical | Position: Superior/Rightward | Character: Elastic artery | Time: Truncus arteriosus derivative | Connections: Art: Vasa vasorum | Ven: Vasa veins | Lymph: Para-aortic | Nerve: Cardiac plexus (pain) |
Normal Aortic Caliber |
Normal Anatomy |
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Ascending Aorta |
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| Coronary Arteries |
Parts: LM, LAD, LCx, RCA, PDA | Size: LM ~4.5mm; Branches 3-4mm | Shape: Tubular, tapering | Position: Epicardial grooves | Character: Muscular arteries | Time: Sprout from aortic sinuses | Connections: Art: Vasa vasorum | Ven: Concomitant veins | Lymph: Epicardial | Nerve: Autonomic vasomotor |
Normal Coronary Course |
Normal Anatomy |
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Coronary Arteries |
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| Pericardium |
Parts: Visceral, Parietal, Cavity | Size: Thickness < 2mm; Fluid < 50ml | Shape: Conical sac | Position: Encloses heart | Character: Fibroserous; Inextensible | Time: Pleuropericardial folds | Connections: Art: Pericardiophrenic | Ven: Pericardiophrenic | Lymph: Mediastinal | Nerve: Phrenic (pain) |
Normal Pericardial Thickness |
Normal Anatomy |
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Pericardium |
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